Its natural habitat is rivers with a summer temperature of 15 ☌ (59 ☏). The marble trout is piscivorous, feed mainly on smaller fish and benthic invertebrates.
Trout become sexually mature at the age 3+ years (males) and 4+ years (females), and they spawn during November and December. The largest specimens were found in Bosnia and Herzegovina, inhabiting the Neretva River from below town of Konjic downstream to town of Čapljina, mostly in canyon section from town of Jablanica to city of Mostar, and later after construction of Jablanica Dam on the Neretva River in Jablaničko Lake. Individuals weighing up to 30 kg have been reported. The largest specimen in Slovenia was a 117-cm, 24-kg female (found dead), largest living specimen caught was 120 cm and 22.5 kg. Some marble trout have red spots that merge with the rest of the pigment, always only along the lateral line.
The intensity of colour varies considerably upon the surroundings. The most obvious characteristic of the marble trout is its marble pattern. The marble trout has a long, cylindrical body, slightly compressed laterally, with a large head (22–25% of the body length), which is why it is also known as glavatica ( glava = head) in Bosnian. While once present in the Drin river basin in Albania, with White Drin in Kosovo and Black Drin in North Macedonia and Albania (as well as the Zalli i Bulqizes and the Okshtuni tributaries), and the Aoos river basin in Albania and Greece (as well as the Sarantaporos and the Drino tributaries), the fish is almost certainly extirpated there. In Italy, marble trout inhabits left tributaries of the upper northwestern reaches of the Po River, and Italian northeastern sub-Alpine region's direct Adriatic watersheds, namely the Adige, the Brenta, the Piave, the Tagliamento, and the Livenza in shared Slovenia and Italy drainage of the Soča with Natisone in shared Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia drainage of the Neretva river, and in shared Montenegro and Albania drainage of the Morača with Zeta river, and the tributary Cem (Cijevna).
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